Misc. Questions from previous exams of CPSC 110, this may or may not help you.

These are mostly from the SECOND and THIRD exams (though subject material covered varies slightly from semester to semester so some questions may not have yet been covered in ‘your’ class). Some questions may be repeated. Few (if any) answers to these questions will be provided. The actual gain in this is if you look the answers up or type the short programs in and discover the answers yourself.

In no way are these questions guaranteed to help you (but it is extremely unlikely they would hurt you). If you print this it will use about 41 pages.

In Pascal, procedure declarations are placed:

1. after the main body of the program
2. after the variable declarations and before the main body
3. within the main body
4. before the (global) variable declarations
5. anywhere you like

Which of the following is an illegal assignment statement (assume all variables properly declared)?

1. x := x + y;
2. pRoWd := good + job;
3. avg := 9 + 4 + 8 / 4;
4. 5 := b;
5. times := 1 + 4 + 22;

Today in the U.S. the pseudocode of an algorithm is written in

1. low level language
2. mix of English and high level language
3. mix of English and low level language
4. ancient Greek or Egyptian
5. all of the above

The first general purpose, purely electronic digital computer was:

1. TI – 83
2. Colossus
3. ENIAC
4. Mark I
5. Atari 2600

What “generation” of computer are we currently producing?

1. second
2. third
3. fourth
4. fifth
5. sixth

How many bits are in a byte?

1. 1
2. 2
3. 4
4. 8
5. 16

Which of the following is NOT a key hardware component?

1. operating system
2. CPU
3. main memory
4. secondary memory devices
5. input / output devices

• Turbo Pascal can ONLY compile to memory (T / F).

• A computer can execute a program that is stored in the secondary memory without loading it into main memory (T / F).

• The result of 9 MOD 3 is 3 (T / F).

• Every IF statement must have an ELSE following it (T / F).

• You may NOT declare new types of variables in Turbo Pascal (T / F).

• A unit can never contain procedures, it may only contain functions (T / F).

• Type real is an ordinal type (T / F).

• Pascal has no boolean type (T/F).

• A case statement begins with a "begin" and ends with an "end" (T/F).

• Pascal allows you to use arrays of arrays (T / F).

• Pascal only allows you to use one or two dimensional arrays ( T / F).

• In Pascal, the expression A[1, 2] is the same as A[2][1] (T / F).

• Pascal allows records to placed within records (T / F).

• ‘RATE’ and ‘rate’ are interpreted as two different variables by the Pascal compiler.

• 00010 in binary represents 2 in decimal

• DOS directories are tree structured

• A compiler can detect syntax and logical errors (T / F).

• In DOS, the character ‘!’ is a wild character (T / F).

• Pascal always assigns the value zero to all variables before the execution of a program (T / F).

• Pascal allows you to create arrays of records (T / F).

• Formal value parameters are implemented as global variables (T/F).

• Function parameters are often referred to as arguments (T/F).

• A block of code MUST have a parameter list (T/F).

• A boolean expression may have 3 different values (T/F).

• The expression: not ( not true), evaluates to false (T/F).

• A repeat loop is always executed at least once (T/F).

• Pascal automatically creates an executable file on disk

every time you compile your program (T/F).

• The default extension to a turbo pascal unit is .unt (T/F).

• The component type of an array may be any Pascal type whatsoever.(T/F)

· The following Pascal program section is valid

Program Interest;

Var

Principal, Rate, Time: Integer;

Sum, Principal: Real;

• In DOS, ‘+’ is a wildcard character

• A compiler can detect syntax and logical errors

• The DOS command “del TEMP”, where TEMP is a directory, is legal

• Pascal assigns the value ‘0’ to all variables before the execution of a program.

• ‘RATE’ and ‘rate’ are interpreted as two different variables by the Pascal compiler (T / F).

• DOS directories are tree structured (T / F).

• Assembly language is a high-level language (T / F).

• A floppy disk is one example of the main memory used in a computer (T / F).

• The assignment statement:
• n := 35.3;
• where variable n is of type integer, is illegal in Pascal (T / F).

• A value parameter of a procedure can be used to return information back to the main program (T / F)..

• The first electronic computer was built using vacuum tubes (T / F).

• Pascal only allows variable parameters (T / F).

• The body of any while loop is always executed at least once (T / F).

• Blaise Pascal is the original creator of the Pascal programming language (T / F).

If a unit named Bob is in a file UNIT1.PAS and you compile it to disk, the compiled version

of the unit will be in a file named:

1. BOB.TPU
2. BOB.PAS
3. BOB.TXT
4. UNIT1.TPU
5. UNIT1.TXT

Given the below 4 types of declarations:

1) Constant Declarations

2) Variable Declarations

3) Type Declarations

4) Procedure and Function Declarations

What is the order the book says they should be done in a program?

1. 1, 2, 3, 4
2. 1, 3, 2, 4
3. 4, 2, 1, 3
4. 4, 3, 2, 1
5. 3, 4, 2, 1

The next 3 questions assume the following declarations:

Type

Aggie = array [1..100] of integer;

Var

A, B, C : Aggie;

i, j, sum : integer;

What does the following piece of code do given the above declarations and assuming it

is embedded in a working program ?

For i:= 1 to 100 do

A[i] := B[100 + i + 1];

1. Copies the array B to A
2. Copies the array A to B
3. Stores in B, the reverse array of B.
4. Stores in A, the reverse array of B.
5. None of the above.

Given the above declarations and assuming it is embedded in a working program, what does the following piece of code do ?

for i:=1 to 100 do

begin

sum := A[i];

A[i] := B[i];

B[i] := sum;

end;

1. Reverses the contents of both A and B.
2. Swaps the contents of A and B (i.e. When the loop completes, the content of A = what the content of B was before the loop and the content of B is what the content of A was before the loop)
3. Finds the sum of the contents of A and B.
4. Copies the contents of A into B, leaving A unchanged.
5. None of the above.

If we want to add the arrays A and B componentwise and store the result in the array C

(i.e. C[i] := A[i] + B[i];) how many cells from A, B and C do we have to access?

1. 100
2. 200
3. 300
4. 600
5. none of the above.

• The interface section of a unit is the public section (T / F).

• The implementation section of a unit is the public section (T / F).

• Units MUST have an initialization section (T / F).

• The order of parameters in the Procedure declaration and the procedure call need not match for the program to execute as desired/correctly (T / F).

In the book ADT stands for which of the following:

1. Aggies Dominate Texas
2. Abstract Down Time
3. Any Darn Thing
4. Abstract Data Type
5. AqueDuct Turnpike

Which of the following is an illegal Pascal expression (assume all variables are declared correctly)

1. 2 * 5 * n – sqrt(20) / 2;
2. x / (( 1 – y / 100) / z );
3. p * q / 100 – r;
4. amount * ( 1 + rate / 100);
5. all the above are legal

In the following program segment (assume no syntax errors and embedded in a working program)

VAR

x, y : integer;

BEGIN

x := 3;

y := 5;

if 2 > x then

y := 1

else

x := 5;

if 4 < x then

y := 2;

END.

What is the final value of y ?

1. 1
2. 5
3. 2
4. non-determinate; y may not be assigned a value
5. none of the above

What does the operator <> mean in Pascal ?

1. greater than
2. equal to
3. not equal to
4. less than
5. none of the above

What does the operator != mean in Pascal ?

1. greater than
2. equal to
3. not equal to
4. less than
5. none of the above

Which of the following is NOT a valid Pascal function ?

1. trunc(3.43);
2. abs(-36);
3. sqrt(35);
4. square(3);
5. exp(3.3);

Which of the following is an illegal actual value parameter of type integer? (Assume the variable n is of type integer).

1. 34 / 3
2. n + 1
3. 26
4. n
5. All the above are legal

How many bytes is a Kilobyte ?

1. 25
2. 64
3. 1024
4. 100
5. 1 million

Which of the following is the correct declaration for an array?

1. A = array [1..10] of integer;
2. A = array of [1..10] integer;
3. A = integer[1..10] of array;
4. A = integer array of [1..10];
5. none of these

What is the output of the below program ?

program OutPut;

type

ListArry = array[1..6] of char;

var

i : integer;

word : ListArry;

begin

word[1] := ‘O’;

word[3] := ‘L’;

word[6] := ‘?’;

word[5] := ‘H’;

word[2] := ‘L’;

word[4] := ‘E’;

for i := 6 downto 1 do

write(word[i]);

end.

1. HELLO?
2. ?OLLEH
3. HELLO
4. ?HELLO
5. There is no output

What is the output of the below program?

program AddStuff;

const

MAX_SIZE = 5;

type

score_array = array[1..MAX_SIZE] of integer;

var

i, j, x : integer;

scores : score_array;

begin

for i:= 1 to MAX_SIZE do

scores[i] := i;

x := 0;

for j := 1 to MAX_SIZE-2 do

x := x + scores[j];

writeln(x);

end.

1. none of the below
2. 3
3. 6
4. 10
5. 15

Which of the following is NOT a “built in” string function/procedure in Turbo Pascal?

1. length
2. insert
3. copy
4. reverse
5. pos

If the following statement is placed in a working program what is the value of p after the statement

is executed (assume p is type integer) ?

p := pos(‘be’, ‘dobedobedo’);

1. 3
2. 4
3. 5
4. 6
5. 7

How many elements are in the following multi-dimensional array?

Var

Test : array[‘A’..’D’,’a’..’d’] of integer;

1. 2
2. 4
3. 8
4. 16
5. none of the above.

• It is possible to specify the size of an array at run-time in Turbo Pascal.(T/F)

• You can “hide” information by placing it in the implementation section of an unit.(T/F)

• The interface section of a unit is the private section and the implementation section is the private section.(T/F)

• The idea behind procedural abstraction is that the users of a procedure only need to know “how” a procedure does something not “what” it does.(T/F)

• A variable declared in the implementation section of a unit is akin to a local variable.(T/F)

• The first directory that the Turbo Compiler looks in to find a praticular unit is TURBO.TPL.(T/F)

• A subrange type declaration defines a new type whose values are a subrange of the values of some existing ordinal type.(T/F)

The next 3 questions refer to the below code:

program FoodBill;

type

DeptName = (Meat, Deli, Produce, Grocery);

AmountSpent = array[DeptName] of real;

ExpenseArray = array[50] of AmountSpent;

var

SpentOn : AmountSpent;

CustomerExpense : ExpenseArray;

function Total(var B: AmountSpent) : real

var

Dept: DeptName;

Sum : real;

begin { Total }

Sum := 0;

for Dept := Meat to Grocery do

Sum := Sum + B[Dept];

Total := Sum;

end; { Total }

begin { main }

SpentOn[Meat] := 40.0;

SpentOn[Deli] := 0.0;

SpentOn[Produce] := 10.00;

SpentOn[Grocery] := 45.00;

writeln(Total(SpentOn):0:2);

end. { main }

What is the output of the above code.

1. 95.00
2. 100.00
3. 40.00
4. 45.00
5. none of the above

In the above code the variable SpentOn is:

1. an array of arrays
2. a 1-dimensional array
3. a 3-dimensional array
4. a 4-dimensional array
5. not an array

In the above code the variable CustomerExpense is:

1. an array of arrays
2. a 1-dimensional array
3. a 3-dimensional array
4. a 4-dimensional array
5. not an array

A logical error is:

1. a typing mistake
2. a mistake in the underlying algorithm
3. when logic circuits of the computer fail
4. all of the above
5. none of the above

Which of the following is not an input device?

1. keyboard
2. mouse
3. scanner
4. monitor (like the ones in your lab)
5. all the above are input devices

In this class, a set of instructions that leads to a solution is called a(n) ?

1. solution set
2. procedure
3. algorithm
4. order set
5. implementation

Which of the following does NOT make source code easier to read?

1. comments
2. indentation
3. semicolons
4. both A and B
5. A, B and C

The next 3 questions refer to the below code:

program MultiIndex;

type

GradeArray = array[1..10, 1..20] of integer;

var

MyArray : GradyArray;

index, j : integer;

q, r, s : integer;

begin { main }

for index := 1 to 10 do

begin

for j := 1 to 20 do

begin

if (index > j) then

MyArray[index, j] := index - j

else

MyArray[index, j] := j – index;

end; { for j }

end; { for index }

q := MyArray[8, 8];

r := MyArray[4, 2];

s := MyArray[6, 9];

{ The questions will ask for the values of q, r, s at this point in the code }

writeln(q, ' ', r, ' ', s);

end.

What is the value of q that is output?

1. 0
2. 1
3. 2
4. 3
5. –2

What is the value of r that is output?

1. 0
2. 1
3. 2
4. 3
5. –2

What is the value of s that is output?

1. 0
2. 1
3. 2
4. 3
5. –2

The next 3 questions refer to the below code:

program ArrayStuff;

type

array_type : array[1..10] of integer;

var

A, B : array_type;

index, x, y, z : integer;

begin

for index := 1 to 10 do

begin

A[index] := index + 1;

B[index] := index;

end; { for }

B := A;

B[3] := B[3] –2;

x := B[3];

y := A[3];

z := B[4];

{ The questions will ask what the value of x, y, z are at this point in the code }

writeln(x, y, z);

end.

What is the value of x that is output?

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5

What is the value of y that is output?

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5

What is the value of z that is output?

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5

Assume the below code was embedded in a working program.

sum := 0;

for i:=1 to 5 do ; { notice the semi-colon after the do is intentional }

sum := sum + i;

writeln(sum);

What is the output of the above writeln?

1. none of the below
2. 0
3. 3
4. 6
5. 15

Given the below declarations:

type

Sample = record

F1 : integer;

F2 : char;

end;

var

X1, X2 : Sample;

Assume the following code is embedded in a working Pascal program:

X1.F1 : = 5;

X1.F2 := ‘A’;

write(X1.F1, X1.F2, ‘ ---- ‘);

X2 := X1;

X2.F1 := 6;

X1.F1 := 4;

writeln(X2.F1, X2.F2);

What is the output?

1. 6A ---- 5A
2. 5A ---- 5A
3. 5A ---- 6A
4. 6A ---- 6A
5. 5A ---- 4A

The next two questions refer to the below table:

1	2	3	4	5
6	7	8	9	10
11	12	13	14	15

This table defines the two dimensional array A. Assume row 1 starts at the value 1

and row 2 starts at the value 6 and row 3 starts at the value 11. Assume column 1 starts

at 1, column 2 at 2, column 3 at 3, column 4 at 4, and column 5 at 5.

If we use ROW major order to index into A, then the value of A[2, 3] is:

1. 12
2. 9
3. 8
4. 6
5. 3

If we use COLUMN major order to index into A, then the value A[2, 3] is:

1. 12
2. 9
3. 8
4. 6
5. 14

Which of the following cannot be part of a procedure in Turbo Pascal 7.0:

a) local variables

b) local functions

c) local named constants

d) constant parameters

e) they are all valid parts of a procedure

What is the output of the following code:

program Letter;

function NumToChar( N: integer): char;

begin

NumToChar := 'Z';

if (N = 1) then

NumToChar := 'A';

if (N = 3) then

NumToChar := 'B';

end; { NumToChar }

begin {main program Letter }

writeln(NumToChar(1), NumToChar(2), NumToChar(3));

end. { main program Letter }

a) ZAB

b) BAZ

c) ABZ

d) AZB

e) none of the above

Which of the following subtasks is BEST implemented as a single function?

a) Converting a given number of centimeters into feet and inches.

b) Converting a given number of miles to an equivalent number of kilometers.

c) Computing the net income and the tax due on an income tax return,

given the gross income and the adjustments to income.

d) Computing the gas mileage and cost of a trip, given the miles traveled,

the number of gallons of gas consumed and the cost of gas per gallon.

e) Displaying the output of a program to the screen

Which of the following expressions evaluates to false:

a) true OR true

b) not (true OR false)

c) not (true AND false)

d) true OR false

e) true AND true

• A variable declared within a procedure has global scope (T/F).

• A local variable is a variable defined within a procedure (T/F).

• Pascal does NOT allow local procedures (T/F).

• It is good programming practice to alter (non-parameter)

global variables inside a procedure (T/F).

Next 2 Questions refer to the below program

program ShortCheck;

var

kids, pieces : integer;

begin

kids := 0;

pieces := 100;

if (kids <> 0) and (pieces div kids >= 2) then

writeln('Each child may have two pieces.')

else

writeln('There are no kids.');

end.

Assuming the compiler IS using short-circuit evaluation the output is:

a) Each child may have two pieces.

b) There are no kids.

c) The program does not run – the compiler generates a syntax error.

d) The program runs but it generates a runtime error.

e) Both a) and b) are printed (on separate lines).

Assuming the compiler is NOT using short-circuit evaluation the output is:

a) Each child may have two pieces.

b) There are no kids.

c) The program does not run – the compiler generates a syntax error.

d) The program runs but it generates a runtime error.

e) Both a) and b) are printed (on separate lines).

Which of the following is NOT a boolean operator in Pascal?

a) in

b) and

c) not

d) or

e) out

Next 2 questions refer to the below program:

program NoGoodCode;

var

x, y, z : real;

begin

x := 15.5;

y := 11.12;

z := 20.89;

if (x > y) then { this is line 8 }

if (x > z) then

writeln('x is the largest')

else if ( y > z) then

writeln('y is the largest') { this is line 12 }

else if (y < z) then

writeln('z is the largest')

else

writeln('y is biggest');

end.

What is the output of the program as it is written above?

a) x is the largest

b) y is the largest

c) z is the largest

d) y is the biggest

e) There is no output

Assume there is a "begin" after line 8 and an "end" after line 12.

What is the output of the code if it is so modified?

a) x is the largest

b) y is the largest

c) z is the largest

d) y is the biggest

e) There is no output

What is the output of the following code (when embedded in

correct programs with X declared to be of type integer)?

X := 10;

repeat

X := X – 3;

until X <= 0;

writeln(X);

a) 0

b) 2

c) –1

d) –2

e) –3

Next 2 Questions are based on the following program:

program ForKingdom;

var

X, Y, Z : integer;

begin

X:= -2;

Z := 1;

Y := -3;

for X := Y downto 0 do

Z := X;

writeln(X);

end.

When the program completes what is the value of X ?

a) 1

b) –1

c) –2

d) –3

e) none of the above

When the program completes what is the value of Z ?

a) 0

b) 1

c) –1

d) –3

e) none of the above

Which of the following is NOT a good method for terminating a loop in Pascal?

a) Exit on sentinel value.

b) Running out of input.

c) Count controlled loops.

d) Using a goto statement.

e) Exit on flag condition.

What is the output of the below program?

program IfLoops;

var

m, n, o : integer;

begin

for m:=0 to 6 do

begin

if ( M < 4) then

n := m + 3

else

if ( m > 5) then

o := n + 2

else if ( m = 6) then

o := n + 1;

end;

writeln( o );

end.

a) 7

b) 8

c) 9

d) 10

e) none of the above

Given the below code, what is(are) the NAME(s) of the file(s)

opened for outputting to (i.e. opened for writing)?

assign(file1, 'data1.txt');

rewrite(file1);

assign(file2, 'data2.txt');

reset(file2);

assign(file3, 'data3.txt);

append(file3);

a) data1.txt

b) data2.txt

c) data3.txt

d) data1.txt and data3.txt

e) data1.txt and data2.txt

1. The term index and subscript are synonymous.

a. True

b. False

2. Indexed variable and array variable are synonymous

a. True

b. False

3. Functions cannot return arrays

a. True

b. False

4. A data structure is a way of organizing data values

a. True

b. False

5. A dynamic data structure can grow and shrink in size during the course of a program’s execution

a. True

b. False

6. A linked list is a type of dynamic data structure

a. True

b. False

7. Pointers can be passed to functions

a. True

b. False

8. A Pascal compiler will always generate a syntax error if you reference an array out of its bounds/size

a. True

b. False

9. Records cannot contain pointers as components

a. True

b. False

10. String types may NOT be used as parameter types (e.g procedure dostuff(var first, last : string[10]); )

a. True

b. False

11. Array elements may be accessed either sequentially, as with a for loop, or in a “random” order by computing the desired index

a. True

b. False

12. The interface section of a unit is the private section

a. True

b. False

13. The implementation section of a unit is the private section

a. True

b. False

14. When writing a program that uses unit, the programmer must know the details of the unit's IMPLEMENTATION section

a. True

b. False

15. Constants and Types CANNOT be placed in the interface section of a unit source file

a. True

b. False

16. Arrays illustrate the notion of a structured type

a. True

b. False

17. A unit may only contain functions – no procedures

a. True

b. False

18. Type String is an ordinal type

a. True

b. False

19. Value parameters typically consume less storage than variable parameters

a. True

b. False

20. In Pascal the size of an array must be declared at the time the program is written

a. True

b. False

21. The size of an array cannot be changed dynamically (during run-time).

a. True

b. False

22. An entire array can be used as a parameter to a write or writeln statement

a. True

b. False

23. An array variable without subscripts may be used in an assignment statement of the type A:=B; where A and B are arrays of the same type

a. True

b. False

24. A record type can have fields holding different types of data

a. True

b. False

25. A record type is an example of a structured data type

a. True

b. False

26. Records and arrays provide a way of giving a single name to a collection of values

a. True

b. False

27. Pascal allows you to use arrays of arrays

a. True

b. False

28. Pascal only allows you to use one or two dimensional arrays

a. True

b. False

29. In Pascal, the expression A[6, 7] is the same as A[7][6]

a. True

b. False

30. Pascal allows you to create arrays of records

a. True

b. False

31. Enumerated type and subranges of enumerated types may be used as the index types of arrays.

a. True

b. False

32. The following definition is valid. Type Index = -5 .. 5; Grades = array[index] of integer;

a. True

b. False

33. The following program segment is valid. Program check; Var A: array[1..10] of integer; X: integer; Begin X:= 0; A[X]:= 1; End.

a. True

b. False

34. If ‘C’ is an array, the statement C:= 0; is illegal.

a. True

b. False

35. The with statement is used for arrays as well as records.

a. True

b. False

36. Index types for arrays cannot be which of the following types.

a. integer

b. chars

c. boolean

d. reals

e. enumerations

37. The following code uses which type of array: Books[4][5]:= 38.4;

a. single-dimensional

b. multi-dimensional

c. array of arrays

d. both A and B

e. both A and C

38. The following code uses which type of array: Books[4, 5]:= 38.4;

a. single-dimensional

b. multi-dimensional

c. array of arrays

d. both A and B

e. both A and C

39. The individual components of a record are commonly referred to as

a. fields

b. components

c. component fields

d. all of the above

e. none of the above

40. Components of a record are accessed using which operator.

a. period (.)

b. hyphen (-)

c. arrow (->)

d. all of the above

e. none of the above

41. Which of the following symbols declares a pointer variable.

a. asterisk (*)

b. caret (^)

c. arrow (->)

d. all of the above

e. none of the above

42. Which of the following will create a new dynamic variable.

a. malloc

b. alloc

c. calloc

d. new

e. create

43. Which operator is used to access a component through a pointer.

a. period (.)

b. hyphen (-)

c. arrow (->)

d. caret (^)

e. caret-period (^.)

44. Which reserved word represents a value of “empty” or “pointing to nothing” for a pointer

a. NULL

b. NIL

c. EMPTY

d. ZERO

e. VOID

45. What is the output of the below program ? program OutPut; type List = array[1..6] of char; Var i : integer; word : List; begin word[1] := ‘Y’; word[3] := ‘W’; word[6] := ‘?’; word[5] := ‘H’; word[2] := ‘D’; word[4] := ‘O’; for i := 1 to 6 do write(word[i]); end.

a. ?YDWOH

b. YDWOH?

c. HOWDY?

d. ?HOWDY

e. There is no output

46. In the statement: Score[ K ] := 5; K is the:

a. Index Expression

b. Value of the array element

c. Array Name

d. All of the above

e. None of the above

47. In the statement: Score[ K ] := 5; Score is the:

a. Index Expression

b. Value of the array element

c. Array Name

d. All of the above

e. None of the above

48. In the statement: Score[ K ] := 5; 5 is the:

a. Index Expression

b. Value of the array element

c. Array Name

d. All of the above

e. None of the above

49. What is the output of the below program (assume no syntax errors)? program SumScores; const MAX_SIZE = 5; Type score_array = array[1..MAX_SIZE] of integer; var i, j, x, num_studs : integer; scores : score_array; begin for i:= 1 to MAX_SIZE do scores[i] := i * 10; x := 0; num_studs := 3; for j := 1 to num_studs do x := x - scores[j]; writeln(x); end.

a. none of the below

b. 30

c. 60

d. 100

e. 150

50. Which of the following is NOT a “built in” string function/procedure in Turbo Pascal?

a. copy

b. reverse

c. pos

d. length

e. insert

51. If the following statement is placed in a working program what is the value of p after the statement is executed (assume p is type integer) ? p: = pos(‘do’, ‘dothedo’);

a. 0

b. 1

c. 5

d. 6

e. 7

52. Given the below 4 types of declarations: 5) Constant Declarations 6) Variable Declarations 7) Type Declarations 8) Procedure and Function Declarations What is the order the book says they should be done in a program?

1, 2, 3, 4

b. 1,3,2,4

c. 4,2,1,3

d. 4,3,2,1

e. 3,4,2,1

53. Which of the following is the correct declaration for an array?

a. A= array [1..10] of integer;

b. A= array of [1..10] integer;

c. A= integer[1..10] of array;

d. A = integer array of [1..10];

e. none of these

54. Given the following type declaration: type BigOnes = 9..15; The host type of BigOnes is:

a. char

b. boolean

c. integer

d. real

e. string

55. Assume the following code is embedded in a working program. Also assume that the array A has been properly declared and Element is type integer. Sum := 0; For Element := A[1] to A[100] do Sum := Sum + Element; { This is the statement line referred to in the question } How many times does the statement in the for loop get executed?

a. 99 times

b. 101 times

c. Can’t say, it depends on the values of A[1] and A[100].

d. once

e. 100 times

56. Which of the following are true: I. Enumerated type variables can be used in assignment statements. II. All ordinal types can used in readln statements. III. A subrange type contains a subrange of values of any data type.

a. I

b. II

c. III

d. II and III

e. I , II and III

The next 3 questions assume the following declarations: Type ArrayType = array [1..10] of integer; Var A, B, C : ArrayType; i, j, sum : integer;

57. What does the following piece of code do given the above declarations and assuming it is embedded in a working program ? For i:= 1 to 10 do A[i] := B[10 - i + 1];

a. Copies the array B to A

b. Copies the array A to B

c. Stores in B, the reverse array of B.

d. Stores in A, the reverse array of B.

e. None of the above

58. Given the above declarations and assuming it is embedded in a working program, what does the following piece of code do ? for i:=1 to 10 do begin sum := A[i]; A[i] := B[i]; B[i] := sum; End;

a. Reverses the contents of both A and B.

b. Swaps the contents of A and B (i.e. When the loop completes, the content of A = what the content of B was before the loop and the content of B is what the content of A was before the loop)

c. Finds the sum of the contents of A and B.

d. Copies the contents of A into B, leaving A unchanged.

e. None of the above.

59. If low and high are integers and low < high then the number of elements in array A[low..high] of integer is:

a. high – low

b. high + low

c. high – low – 1

d. high – low + 1

e. None of the above

60. How many elements are in the following multi-dimensional array? Var Test : array[‘B’..’E’,’a’..’d’] of integer;

a. 2

b. 4

c. 8

d. 16

e. None of the above

61. How many elements are in the following multi-dimensional array? Var Test : array[20..25, 10..15] of integer;

a. 10

b. 25

c. 36

d. 40

e. 70

62. A program that uses a unit must have access to at least:

a. The unit's source file

b. The compiled unit

c. The “.pas” file of the unit

d. The unit’s matriod

e. All of the above

63. A program that uses a unit may reference: I. declarations found in the interface section of the unit II. declarations found in the implementation section of the unit III. any procedure and function found in the unit

a. I

b. II

c. III

d. All of the above

e. None of the above.

64. What will happen if you forget to close a file opened for writing?

a. The program will not compile

b. The program will terminate immediately with a run-time error.

c. It is possible that not everything you wrote to that file is saved to disk.

d. No file will be created (not even an empty one).

e. There is no need to close a file opened for writing.

program FoodBill; type DeptName = (Meat, Deli, Produce, Grocery); AmountSpent = array[DeptName] of real; ExpenseArray = array[50] of AmountSpent; var SpentOn : AmountSpent; CustomerExpense : ExpenseArray; function Total(var B: AmountSpent) : real var Dept: DeptName; Sum : real; begin { Total } Sum := 0; for Dept := Meat to Grocery do Sum := Sum + B[Dept]; Total := Sum; end; { Total } begin { main } SpentOn[Meat] := 40.0; SpentOn[Deli] := 0.0; SpentOn[Produce] := 10.00; SpentOn[Grocery] := 45.00; writeln(Total(SpentOn):0:2); end. { main }

65. What is the output of the above code.

a. 95.00

b. 100.00

c. 40.00

d. 45.00

e. None of the above.

66. In the above code the variable SpentOn is

a. An array of arrays

b. A 1-dimensional array

c. A 3-dimensional array

d. A 4-dimensional array

e. Not an array

67. In the above code the variable CustomerExpense is:

a. An array of arrays

b. A 1-dimensional array

c. A 3-dimensional array

d. A 4-dimensional array

e. Not an array

The next 3 questions refer to the below code: program ArrayStuff; type array_type : array[1..10] of integer; var A, B : array_type; index, x, y, z : integer; begin for index := 1 to 10 do begin A[index] := index + 1; B[index] := index; end; { for } B := A; B[3] := B[3] –2; x := B[3]; y := A[3]; z := B[4]; { The questions will ask what the value of x, y, z are at this point in the code } writeln(x, y, z); end.

68. What is the value of x that is output?

a. 1

b. 2

c. 3

d. 4

e. 5

69. What is the value of y that is output?

a. 1

b. 2

c. 3

d. 4

e. 5

70. What is the value of z that is output?

a. 1

b. 2

c. 3

d. 4

e. 5

71. Given the below declarations: type Sample = record F1 : integer; F2 : char; end; var X1, X2 : Sample; Assume the following code is embedded in a working Pascal program: X1.F1 : = 5; X1.F2 := ‘A’; write(X1.F1, X1.F2, ‘ ---- ‘); X2 := X1; X2.F1 := 6; X1.F1 := 4; writeln(X2.F1, X2.F2); What is the output?

a. 6A ---- 5A

b. 5A ---- 5A

c. 5A ---- 6A

d. 6A ---- 6A

e. 5A ---- 4A

72. Given the below declarations Type OneToFifty = 1..50; IloveTests = array[1..50] of integer; Var A.B: IloveTests; X,Y: OneToFifty; Which of the following statements is not allowed?

a. A[X][Y] :=B[X][Y]

b. A[B[X*Y]] :=X;

c. A := B

d. B:= A

e. None of the above

73. If you have a two-dimensional array in ROW-MAJOR order, the inner loop should control which subscript?

a. Column subscript

b. Row subscript

c. It can control either subscript

d. It can control both subscripts

e. None of the above

74. Which of the following words is NOT associated with pointers in Turbo Pascal?

a. Delete

b. New

c. Dispose

d. Nil

e. None of the above are associated with pointers

75. Given the below declarations, which of the following Pascal Statements is valid? Type Date = Record Month: 1..12; Day: 1..31; Year: integer; End; Info = Record Name: array[1..20] of char; Birthday: Date; End; Var D: Date; I: Info;

a.I.Birthday.Day:=40;

b. D.Name:= 'Jim';

c.I.Birthday.Year.Month := 10;

d. D.Date := 23;

e. None of the above

The following code segment is for the next two questions. Type Ptr = ^node; Node = Record Name: string[20]; Height: integer; Next: Ptr; End; Var MyNodePtr, p1, p2: ptr; MyNode: Node;

76. Which of the following statements would create a new dynamic variable of type Node?

a. New(Node);

b. New(MyNode);

c. New(MyNodePtr);

d. New(^Node);

e. New(Record);

77. Assume that all pointers have been allocated and initialized correctly (point to something valid). Assume all other necessary initialization steps have been performed. Given the above code, which of the following statements would cause an error?

a. P1 := P2;

b. MyNode.Height := 110;

c. P1^.Height := 100;

d. MyNode.Next := P1;

e. None of the above

78. Which of the following compiler directives force the compiler to always give an error message for “Array Index out of Range Error”

a. {$R+}

b. {$B+}

c. {$R-}

d. {$B-}

e. None of the above

79. When you type in a unit file (say temp) and save it to the disk, what would you save the file as before compiling it?

a. temp.pas

b. temp.tpu

c. temp.exe

d. temp.bak

e. temp.txt

80. Which of the following is/are NOT valid array declarations?

a. x: array[2..11, 'r'..'w'] of char;

b. x: array[5..22, boolean] of char;

c. x:array[72..78,2.0..4.0] of char;

d. Only b and c are NOT valid.

e. Statements a, b and c are all NOT valid.

For next 3 assume the following definitions and declarations:

Type NodePointer=^Node;

Node=Record

Data:integer;

Next:NodePointer;

END;

Var

Ptr:NodePointer;

Cell:Node;

Which of the following are legal in Pascal?

(a).new(cell);

(b).new(node);

(c) .new(nodepointr);

(d).new(ptr);

(e).none of the above

(a).new(node.next);

(b).new(ptr^);

(c )..new(cell.data);

(d).new(ptr);

(e).both © and (d).

(a).cell.next=NIL;

(b).ptr:=nil;

(c ).writeln(ptr^.data);

(d).readln(cell.data);

(e).all of the above

next 4 Questions are based on the following piece of code:

Type Data=record

Value:integer;

End;

Var p1,p2:^data;

New(p1);

New(p2);

P1^.value:=10;

P2^.value:=20;

Writeln(p1^.value,p2^.value);

P1:=p2;

Writeln(p1^.value,p2^.value);

P1^.value:=30;

Writeln(p1^.value,p2^.value);

P2^.value:=40;

Writeln(p1^.value,p2^.value);

What is the first line of output?

(a).1010

(b).1020

(c ).2020

(d).2010

(e).1030

What is the second line of output?

(a).1010

(b).1020

(c )..2020

(d).2010

(e).1030

What is the third line of output?

(a).3010

(b).3020

(c ).3030

(d).2030

(e).1030

What is the fourth line of output?

(a).3040

(b).4030

(c ).3030

(d).4040

(e).4020

Which of the following are ordinal types?

1.Boolean

2.String

3.Real

(a). 1

(b). 2

(c ). 3

(d). 1 & 2

(e). 1,2&3

What is the output of the following code fragment?( I is of type integer and ord(‘A’) is 65)

for I:=1 to 5 do

write(chr(ord(‘A’) + I));

(a). ABCDEF

(b). BCDEFG

(c ).656676869

(d).66677983

(e).none of the above

Which of the following are true?

1.Enumerated type variables can be used in assignment statements

2.All ordinal types can be used in readln statements

3.A subrange type contains a subrange of values of any data type

(a). 1

(b). 2

(c ). 3

(d).2 & 3

(e).All of the above

If low and high are integers and low<high then the number of elements in array A[low..high] of integer is

(a).high-low

(b).high+low

(c ).high-low-1

(d).high-low+1

(e).none of the above

Which of the following is true?

(a).The size of an array may be dynamically changed

(b).A function may return an array value

(c ).We should always pass an array as a formal value parameter

(d).We may pass an array to a procedure using the array name only

(e).An array may be declared to a maximum of three dimensions

Use the following piece of code for next 3 questions

{$R+}

program exam3;

const

MAX:=6;

Type

Indextype:=1..5;

Arraytype=array[indextype] of char;

Var

Count:integer;

Message:arraytype;

Begin

Message[1]:=’h’;

Message[2]:=’e’;

Message[3]:=’l’;

Message[4]:=’l’;

Message[5]:=’o’;

Message[6]:=’!’;

For count:=1 to MAX do

Write(message[count]);

End.

What is the output of the program?

(a).hello

(b).hello!

(c ). Hell!

(d).subscript range error

(e).none of the above

”message” can be best described as:

(a).an array of arrayType elements

(b).an array of char elements

(c ).an array of indextype elements

(d).an array of integer elements

(e).none of the above

The type “indextype” can be best described as:

(a).an array of integers

(b).a subrange type

(c ).a subtype of the type integer

(d).an array of type arraytype

(e).none of the above

· Which of the following is NOT a legal Pascal variable

1. _ABC123

2. A_BC123

3. A_1BC23

4. 1_ABC23

5. A_B_C123

· Consider the following program segment

Read(N1, N2)

Read(N3)

If these two lines use the input

1 5 7

9 11

1. 1

2. 5

3. 7

4. 9

5. 11

· In which of the cases will the following statements produce an error if x:=y

1. Var x: integer;

Var y: real;

2. Var x: real;

Var y: integer;

3. Var x: real;

Var y: real

4. Var x: integer;

Var y: integer;

5. None of the above

· Which of the following is the output for the code below

Count:=0;

A=0;

B=1;

While (Count <=7) do

Begin

Count:=Count+1;

A:=A+B;

B:=A-B;

A:=A-B;

Write(A);

End.

1. 0 1 1 2 3 5 8 11
2. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
4. 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
5. 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

· If you were asked to give someone a hardcopy of your source code, what would you give?

1. A printout of wyour program
2. A 3 ½ inch disk with the source code
3. A CD ROM with the source code burned on it
4. A 3 ½ inch disk with the program and executable file
5. The hard disk on which the program was saved

The next two questions pertain to the following code segment

Program confuse;

Var

X,Y: integer;

{Procedure Swap places the value of U in Z and the value of Z in U}

Procedure Swap(Var U,V: Integer);

Var

Temp: Integer;

Begin

Temp:=U;

U:=Z;

Z=Temp;

End;

Begin {program}

X:=10;

Y:=20;

Confuse(X,Y);

Confuse(Y,X);

Confuse(X,Y);

Writeln(‘X = ‘,X);

Confuse(Y,X);

Writeln(‘Y = ‘,Y);

· The formal parameters of Procedure Swap are

1. U, Z, Temp
2. X, Y, Temp;
3. X, Y
4. U, Z
5. X, Y, U, Z, Temp

· The output of the Program is

1. X = 10 Y = 20
2. X = 20 Y = 10
3. X = 10 Y = 10
4. X = 20 Y = 20
5. None of the above

· What is the output of the following program segment?

Var X: Integer;

Begin

X:= 5 + 2 * 4;

Writeln(X);

End.

1. 28
2. 13
3. 40
4. 11
5. None of the above

· What is the output of the following program segment?

X:= 10;

While (X>0) do

X:= X – 4;

Writeln(X);

1. 6, 2, -2
2. –2
3. 0
4. 2
5. Error because X becomes negative

· A logical error is

1. A typing mistake
2. Detectable at computing time
3. A mistake in the underlying algorithm
4. When logic circuits of the computer fail
5. All of the above

Which of the following is NOT a legal Pascal Variable?

1. _ABC123
2. A_BC123
3. A_2BC13
4. 2_ABC13
5. A_BC_321

Which of the below declarations will cause the statement:

x := y;

to be in error?

1. VAR

x: char;

y: char;

2. VAR

x: real;

y: integer

3. VAR

x: real;

y: real;

4. VAR

x: integer;

y: integer;

5. VAR

x: integer;

y: real;

What is the output of the below code (assume it is embedded in a working program)

count := 0;

A := 1;

B := 1;

while (count <= 4) do

BEGIN

count := count + 1;

B := B + 1;

A := A + B - count;

write(A, ' '); { there is a space between those single quotes }

END;

1. 0 1 2 3 4
2. 1 2 3 4 5
3. 2 3 4 5 6
4. 1 1 1 1 1
5. 0 0 0 0 0

If you were to give someone a hardcopy of your program, you would give them what?

1. The hard disk on which the program was saved.
2. A printout of the program.
3. A CD-ROM with the source code burned on it.
4. A 3 1/2 inch floppy disk with the program saved on it.
5. A picture of the program's output.

The next 2 questions pertain to the following code (assume the code has NO syntax errors and compiles)

Program confuse;

VAR

x, y : integer;

{ Procedure swap places the value of U in Z and the value of Z in U }

Procedure Swap( Var U, Z : Integer);

VAR

Temp : Integer;

BEGIN

Temp := U;

U : = Z;

Z := Temp;

END;

BEGIN { Program }

x := 1;

y := 2;

swap( x, y);

swap( y, x);

swap( x, y);

write(' x = ', x);

swap( y, x);

writeln(' y = ', y);

END.

The FORMAL parameters of Procedure Swap are:

1. U, Z, Temp
2. X, Y, Temp
3. U, Z
4. X, Y
5. X, Y, U, Z, Temp

The output of the program is:

1. x = 2 y = 2
2. x = 1 y = 2
3. x = 2 y = 1
4. x = 1 y = 1
5. none of the above

What is the output of the following program segment (assume embedded in working code)

VAR n : integer;

BEGIN

n := (7 DIV 3);

writeln(n);

END;

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 0
5. 2.3333333333

• Units may only contain private declarations (T/F).

• Turbo Pascal allows you to make an unit available to a program without having to move the unit to the active disk drive before you compile the program.(T/F)
• In Pascal,a type whose values are specified by a list is called an Ordinal type.(T/F)

• The R compiler directive should be turned off when you are debugging a program.(T/F)

• Variable parameters typically consume less storage than value parameters (T / F).

• String types may be used as parameter types (T / F ).

• Array elements may be accessed either sequentially, as with a for loop, or in a “random” order

by computing the desired index (T / F).

• In Pascal the size of an array must be declared at the time the program is written (T / F).

• The size of an array cannot be declared dynamically (T / F).

• All data types are subsets of data structures (T / F).

• A record type can have fields holding different types of data (T / F).

• A record type is an example of a structured data type (T / F).

• Arrays illustrate the notion of a structured type.(T/F)

• An entire array can be used as a parameter to a read or readln statement.(T/F)

• Variable parameters typically consume less storage than value parameters.(T/F)

• An array variable without subscripts may be used in an assignment statement of the type A:=B.(T/F)

What is the output of the following program segment? (assume embedded in working code)

x := 10;

while ( x > 0 ) do

x := x – 4;

writeln(x, ' '); { There are several spaces between the single quotes }

1. 6 2 –2
2. 6 2
3. 0
4. 2
5. –2

Which of the following is NOT part of a procedure?

1. heading
2. subject
3. body
4. both A and B
5. A, B and C

Which of the following identifiers represents a loop structure?

1. if-then-else
2. loop
3. while-do
4. procedure
5. none of the above

The rules of grammar for a programming language are called the

1. grammar
2. rules
3. statements
4. ontology
5. syntax

Which of the following is the assignment operator in Pascal?

1. =
2. :=
3. = =
4. ->
5. =>

In the following statement, which mathematical operation will be performed first (aka has the higher precedence) ?

X + Y * Z – W / A;

1. *
2. /
3. +
4. –
5. log

Which identifier BEGINS a comment in Pascal?

1. //
2. /*
3. (*
4. [
5. }

<, =, >, <> are all examples of what in Pascal

1. relational operators
2. comparison operators
3. test operators
4. both A and B
5. A, B and C

Which following structures assists the programmer in top-down design?

1. procedure
2. while-do
3. if-then-else
4. loop
5. none of the above

What type of variable would the following value be assigned to: 'Why, hello there'

1. integer
2. real
3. string
4. complex
5. char

What would be the output of the following expression?

2 * 4 – sqrt(abs(-16)) / 2

1. 0.0
2. 6.0
3. 2.0
4. 3.0
5. None of the above

Given the following piece of code (embedded in a working program, assume no syntax errors):

VAR

score : integer;

grade : char;

BEGIN

grade := 60;

if (score >= 60) then

grade := 'p'

else

if (score <= 60) then

grade := 'f';

END.

What is the final value of grade (when the program ends)?

1. p
2. f
3. pf
4. fp
5. undetermined

How many times is "Howdy" printed by the below code (assume embedded in working program with no syntax errors):

VAR

count : integer;

BEGIN

count := 5;

while (count > 1) do

begin

writeln('Howdy');

count := count – 1;

end;

END.

1. 3
2. 4
3. 5
4. infinite number of times (or until computer breaks or is turned off)
5. none of the above

Which of the following is NOT a reserved word in Pascal?

1. program
2. begin
3. end
4. const
5. comment

Which of the following statements is FALSE about comments in a program?

1. they increase readability
2. they are compiled to machine language by the compiler
3. they provide program documentation
4. all the above are true
5. both b and c are false

If the below statement was placed in a working a program (assume ch is type char):

ch := succ(‘G’);

What is the value of ch after the above statement is executed?

1. F
2. K
3. h
4. H
5. f

If the below statement was placed in a working program (assume val is type integer):

val := ord( ‘M’ ) – ( ord( ‘L’ ) );

What is the value of val after the above statement is executed?

1. 0
2. 1
3. 2
4. –1
5. –2

Given the following type declaration:

type

BigOnes = 9..15;

The host type of BigOnes is:

1. char
2. boolean
3. integer
4. real
5. string

In the statement: Score[ I + 3 ] := 5;

I + 3 is the:

1. Array Name
2. Index Expression
3. Value of the array element
4. All of the above
5. None of the above

In the statement: Score[ I + 3] := 5;

Score is the:

1. Array Name
2. Index Expression
3. Value of the array element
4. All of the above
5. None of the above

In the statement: Score[ I + 3] := 5;

5 is the:

1. Array Name
2. Index Expression
3. Value of the array element
4. All of the above
5. None of the above

Assume the following code is embedded in a working program.

Also assume that the array A has been properly declared and Element is type integer.

Sum := 0;

For Element := A[1] to A[100] do

Sum := Sum + Element; { This is the statement line referred to in the question }

How many times does the statement in the for loop get executed?

1. once
2. one hundred times
3. 99 times
4. 101 times
5. Can’t say, it depends on the values of A[1] and A[100].

What is the output of the following program segment (as always, embedded in working program and no syntax errors):

writeln('Howdy, '); { there is a space before each ending single quote }

write('Good ');

writeln('Luck ');

1. Howdy,

Good

Luck

2. Howdy, Good Luck
3. Howdy, Good

Luck

4. Howdy,

Good Luck

5. None of the above

What is the output of the following program (assume no syntax errors)?

program SeeIt;

VAR

x, y : integer;

procedure Bob(x, y : integer);

BEGIN

writeln(x, ‘ ‘, y, ‘ ‘); { There is a space between the single quotes }

END;

BEGIN { program }

x:= 1; y := 2;

Bob(x, y);

Bob(y, x);

END.

1. 1 2 1 2
2. 1 2 2 1
3. 1 2

1 2

4. 2 1

1 2

5. 1 2

2 1

Which of the following is NOT a type of parameter (discussed in the book)?

1. formal
2. concrete
3. actual
4. variable
5. value

What is the decimal (base ten) representation of the binary number: 00101 ?

1. 5
2. 6
3. 7
4. 11
5. 3

What is the output of the following program? ( Assume no syntax errors )

program Just;

VAR

i : integer;

BEGIN

i := 0;

while (i < 5) do

writeln(i, ‘ ‘); { There is a space between the single quotes }

END.

1. 0 1 2 3 4
2. 0 1 2 3 4 5
3. 0
4. no output
5. the program loops forever outputting 0

What is the output of the following program? (Assume no syntax errors)

program YetAgain;

VAR

i, k : integer;

BEGIN

i := 1;

k := i + 1;

while (i <= k) do

begin

if (i MOD k = 0) then

i := k + 1

else

i := i + 1;

end; { of while }

writeln( i );

END.

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. the while loop is infinite, so nothing is ever output

The next TWO questions refer to the below code (assume no syntax errors):

program YetAgainAndAgain;

VAR

i, k : integer;

Procedure AddAndIncrement( var u : integer, z : integer );

begin

u := u + z;

z := z + 1;

end;

BEGIN

i := 3;

k := 2;

AddAndIncrement (i, k);

writeln( i, ‘ ‘, k); { there is a space between the single quotes }

end; { of while }

What is the value of i that is output ?

1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 5
5. 6

What is the value of k that is output ?

1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 5
5. 6

What is the output of the following piece of code (assume embedded in working program and no syntax errors):

dollars := 9876.54321;

writeln( ‘$’, dollars:0:1);

1. $6.54321
2. $6.5
3. $9876.543
4. $9876.54
5. $9876.5

Which of the following is NOT a correctly formed constant of type REAL (according to Pascal)?

1. .89
2. 98.6
3. –32.0
4. 5.22
5. 11.278

Which of the following can never be used as a variable name in Pascal?

1. sum
2. average
3. next
4. first
5. program